Militarized Disputes, Crises, and Wars
My International Conflict and Security pages may also include relevant information or data.
COW Militarized Interstate Disputes: The latest official release of the COW Project's militarized interstate dispute (MID) data, version 3.
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: Entire world, 1816-2001
- Variables Included: Dispute-level data: Start and end dates, Dispute outcome and form of settlement, Fatality level, Dispute duration, Level of hostility, Reciprocated dispute?, Number of states on each side, Dispute name; Participant-level data: Start and end dates of participation in dispute, Revisionist status and revision type, Fatality level, Level of hostility, Dispute originator status (Note: new variables are available in the MID3 data that can now be downloaded; the list is forthcoming.)
Zeev Maoz' Dyadic MID Data (a dyadic version of the MID data available above.)
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: Entire world, 1816-2001
- Variables Included: (list forthcoming)
COW Interstate War, Extrastate [Extrasystemic] War, and Intrastate [Civil] War data.
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: 1816-1997
- Variables Included: War participants, regional location, dates, results, and fatalities.
Kristian Gleditsch's Expanded War Data: A revision and expansion of the COW war data that uses Gleditsch and Ward's alternative interstate system membership list. This data set includes both interstate wars and civil wars (including "extra-systemic" wars). It was described in his 2004 International Interactions article.
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: 1816-2002
- Variables Included: War participants, dates, fatalities, and outcomes.
Russ Leng's Behavioral Correlates of War (BCOW) Crisis Data is available in both Mac and Windows versions (note that these download links are to StuffIt (.sit) and zipped (.zip) archives containing data, documentation, and the needed software for working with the data.)
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: more than forty international crises between 1838-1980 (selected as a representative sample of crises since 1816)
- Variables Included: date of event, actor and target, type of event, immediate impact on target, tempo of event; the included software allows users to scale and aggregate the raw events data.
International Crisis Behavior (ICB) Data Archive (This archive includes links to download the actor-level and system-level ICB crisis data in tab-delimited format -- both files are also available on the site in alternative formats if needed -- and documentation in PDF format for the actor-level or system-level data files. Another page on the site covers one-sided crises, including codebook and data together in a zipped archive. They have also recently added dyadic-level crisis data, which overcomes one of the biggest obstacles to scholarly usage of the ICB data.)
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: Entire world, 1919-1994
- Variables Included: Crisis-level data: (list forthcoming); Actor-level data: (list forthcoming)
SHERFACS Crisis Data Archive (a crisis data set collected by the late Frank Sherman, maintained by his executor Hayward Alker, and made available for download by the Paris-in-LA project. The data set is available in Paradox database form - be warned that this is a huge file, 5.7 MB. A codebook is also available, and an additional overview of the SHERFACS project is available at MIT.)
- Spatial-Temporal Domain:
- Variables Included:
Ernst Haas' Collective Security Data (available on-line through the PARIS-in-LA project at USC; this is the final version of the data used by Haas in "Collective Conflict Management: Evidence for a New World Order?" [in Thomas G. Weiss, ed.,Collective Security in a Changing World, 1993], "Regime Decay: Conflict Management and International Organization, 1945-1981" [International Organization, 1983], and Why We Still Need the United Nations: The Collective Management of International Conflict, 1945-1984 [1986]. Three versions of the data set are available, including UN cases, regional cases, and combined UN and regional cases)
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: Entire world, 1945-1990
- Variables Included: conflict intensity, conflict issues, actor's decision, extent/type of third party operations, temporal era, adversary power relations, Cold War alignment, leadership, "joint L.", third party effectiveness (consensus, conflict spread, stop hostility, abate conflict, settle conflict, "isolate", overall success) -- please note that these variable names are my own; the data set does not come with a prepared codebook
Claudio Cioffi's Long Range Analysis of War (LORANOW) Project at the University of Colorado offers a data archive with access to LORANOW data on warfare in non-Western settings. Currently, this is limited to data on warfare in ancient China and the East Asian system, but more regions will eventually become available, including the ancient Near East (Mesopotamia), the Central Andes (Peru), and Mesoamerica (including Maya civilization).
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: Currently China and the East Asian system, from roughly 2700 B.C. to 722 B.C.
- Variables Included: war name, historical epoch, onset and termination dates, number of participants, intra- or intergroup conflict, ethnic diversity of belligerents, alliance clusters among participants, political status and political complexity of belligerents, systemic polarity, capability balance among participants, temporal context
Armed Conflict 1946-2001 data set (from Gleditsch, Wallensteen, Eriksson, Sollenberg, and Strand at the Peace Research Institute of Oslo [PRIO] and the Uppsala Conflict Data Project)
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: Entire world, 1946-2001
- Variables Included: a variety of different data sets and case listings in both monadic and dyadic forms, including both primarily internal and primarily interstate conflicts.
Major Episodes of Political Violence (from the Center for Systemic Peace in Maryland; see also their related data sets or data presentations, listed below. This data set includes conflicts that are listed in one or more other data sources, ranging from civil-intrastate and ethnic-intrastate to international conflicts and including a wide range of severity levels between low-level violence and full-scale war.)
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: 1946-1999
- Variables Included: dates, conflict type, conflict magnitude, participants, notes (often indicating the specific participant groups and/or the issues involed), deaths
Global and Regional Conflict Trends (from the Center for Systemic Peace in Maryland; note that this gives a graphical presentation of aggregated data from various sources, rather than the actual data sets themselves)
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: Varies; generally 1946-1999 or some subset thereof
- Variables Included: warfare, ethnopolitical rebellion, refugees and displaced populations, democracy and autocracy, and violent conflicts; some graphs are broken down by region rather than aggregated globally
Current Status of the World's Major Armed Conflicts (from the Center for Systemic Peace in Maryland; includes "all known instances of major armed conflict and population displacement in the world in the late 1990s" with a brief description of each conflict, an assessment of its current status, and an estimate of the number of refugees and internally displaced population at the end of 1998)
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: "late 1990s"
- Variables Included: conflict status, refugees, internally displaced population
The Heidelberg Institute of International Conflict Research offers their KOSIMO Conflict Data in a zipped archive,along with a codebook and search facility; see also their 1998 Conflict Barometer and Conflict Barometer Archive
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: (list forthcoming)
- Variables Included: (list forthcoming)
The Duration of Interstate Wars, 1816-1985 (from Bennett and Stam's 1996 APSR article)
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: 1816-1985
- Variables Included: War ID Number, First and last year of war, COW country codes for antagonists, Length (duration) of war in months, Censored war ending?, Offensive and defensive strategies in war (attrition / maneuver / punishment), Terrain coding (ranges from open terrain to impassable), Terrain-strategy interaction, Total Military Personnel, Total Population, Population Ratio, COW Balance of Forces Ratio (adjusted for distance), Force Quality Ratio, War Salience, Political Repression, Democracy, Surprise, Number of States in War, Previous Disputes between Belligerents
David Sobek's Italian City-State (ITS) Data (Includes data on all wars fought between the seven major powers of renaissance Italy: the Papal States, Florence, Siena, Venice, Genoa, Milan, and Pisa)
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: Italian city-state major powers, 1250-1494
- Variables Included: War start and end dates, participants, originators / joiners, winners (the codebook provides additional details on each war)
Interstate Rivalry
Diehl/Goertz Rivalry Data (This is version 5 of their data set, which is based on the MID3 data set from 1816-2001. You may also access an earlier version of their data, which covers 1816-1992 and was used in their book and many of their articles.)
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: All COW militarized dispute dyads, 1816-2001
- Variables Included: (list forthcoming)
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: (list forthcoming)
- Variables Included: (list forthcoming)
Security, Bargaining, and the End of Interstate Rivalry (from Scott Bennett's 1996 ISQ article)
- Spatial-Temporal Domain:
- Variables Included: COW country number of rivals, Rivalry ID number, Number of cases (5 year periods) for this rivalry, Last year of this 5 year interval, Case ID number, Rivalry end code, Current length of rivalry, Censored rivalry?, War between rivals?, Rivalry salience to both rivals, Average balance of forces in rivalry, Common threats to both rivals, Individual security situation for each rival, Post-1945 marker
Democracy, Regime Change, and Rivalry Termination (from Scott Bennett's 1997 II article)
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: (list forthcoming)
- Variables Included: (list forthcoming)
Measuring Rivalry Termination (from Scott Bennett's 1997 JCR article)
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: (list forthcoming)
- Variables Included: (list forthcoming)
Event Data
KEDS Levant Data (a zipped folder containing data from the KEDS -- Kansas Event Data System -- Event Data Project)
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: Dyadic interactions among Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Palestinians, Syria, USA, and USSR/Russia, April 1979 to June 1997 (includes 84,664 events)
- Variables Included: (includes events and monthly summaries for dyadic interactions, as well as KEDS coding dictionaries and an index of the phrases generating each actor and verb code)
KEDS Middle East Political Events Data (BCOW) (a zipped folder containing data from the KEDS -- Kansas Event Data System -- Event Data Project. The cases in this data set have been coded using BCOW coding rules.)
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: Dyadic interactions between six Middle Eastern actors (Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Palestinians and Syria) and any other actor, 1979-1995 (includes approximately 53,000 events)
- Variables Included: (list forthcoming)
KEDS Gulf Data (a zipped folder containing data from the KEDS -- Kansas Event Data System -- Event Data Project)
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: Dyadic interactions in the Gulf region and the Arabian peninsula, 15 April 1979 to 10 June 1997 (includes approximately 47,000 events)
- Variables Included: (includes events and monthly summaries for dyadic interactions, as well as KEDS coding dictionaries and an index of the phrases generating each actor and verb code)
KEDS Bosnian Conflict Data (a zipped folder containing data from the KEDS -- Kansas Event Data System -- Event Data Project. The cases in this data set have been coded using WEIS coding rules.)
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: Dyadic interactions in the Gulf region and the Arabian peninsula, January 1991 to December 1995 (includes 15,618 events)
- Variables Included: (includes events and monthly summaries for dyadic interactions, as well as KEDS coding dictionaries and an index of the phrases generating each actor and verb code)
PANDA Data (very large downloadable data files covering an entire year's events; an online query form will also allow the user to request more limited spatial or temporal data. Users may also access their codebook and protocol files. From the PANDA -- Protocol for the Assessment of Nonviolent Direct Action -- Project)
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: events between international political actors, January 1984 through April 1995 (entire world)
- Variables Included: Event date, Source, Target, Event type, Location, Domain, Mechanism, Sanction, Context, Issue
Internal Conflict Data
My Foreign Governments and Politics page may also include relevant information or data.
COW Intrastate [Civil] War and Extrastate [Extrasystemic] War data.
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: 1816-1997
- Variables Included: War participants, regional location, dates, results, and fatalities.
Minorities at Risk Project (see their Project Description. Prospective users must fill out a free registration form before receiving MAR data files and codebook. A list of cases is available sorted by group type (ethnonationalists, national minorities, ethnoclasses, and communal contenders). Individual descriptions are also available for each minority group in the data set, organized by geographic region; this includes a textual background and synopsis as well as the 1998 population of the group and its state.)
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: (list forthcoming)
- Variables Included: (list forthcoming)
State Failure Project (a data project focused on "internal wars and failures of governance" from 1955-1998; separate data sets include ethnic wars, revolutionary wars, abrupt or disruptive regime transitions, and genocides/politicides, as well as a consolidated data file. The project's codebook and data are available separately, as is an annotated list of cases.)
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: all "failed states," 1955-1998
- Variables Included: (list forthcoming)
Bill Ayres' Violent Intrastate Nationalist Conflicts Project (includes a list of cases in Excel or SPSS portable format, as well as data on third party interventions in SPSS portable format.)
- Spatial-Temporal Domain:
- Variables Included: (varies by data set)
Pat Regan's Interventions in civil conflicts data set allows replication or extension of his 2000 book and associated articles. The first link is to the codebook describing this data; a Stata file may be downloaded with the actual data. Pat has also provided the data, Stata do-file, and user's manual for his 2002 JCR article on third party interventions and the duration of intrastate conflicts.
- Spatial-Temporal Domain:
- Variables Included: (varies by data set)
Statistics of Democide (from Rudolph Rummel's Power Kills site, which includes numerous book chapters and other manuscripts, as well as GIF versions of many data tables from these manuscripts. Unfortunately, there are no easily accessible data files that can be downloaded outside of these GIF files, so the user must download the files and transcribe the desired variables by hand from the GIF images. I am including direct links to what appear to be the most useful tables/figures; interested users are invited to visit Rummel's site for more information. )
- Most useful tables: 20th century democide data and notes and estimates on earlier democide (part 1 and part 2)
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: mostly 1900-1987, although several tables cover democide in earlier periods
- Variables Included: (Varies by table/figure; dozens of tables and figures are provided in graphical form only.)
Ron Francisco's European Protest and Coercion Data (the codebook is available is ASCII and Word format; separate data files are available for each country in Excel or tab-delimited ASCII format)
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: daily protest/coercion events in 27 European countries, 1980-1995 (Albania, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, German Democratic Republic, Federal Republic of Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom (with separated Northern Ireland))
- Variables Included: Event date, day of week, type of act, protester, target, event description, country, specific location, issue, linked event, event time, number of protesters involved / arrested / injured / killed, property damage, state force involved / injured / killed, organizational strength of protesters and of state, source and date of story
Domestic Strife and the Initiation of Violence at Home and Abroad, 1827-1982 (from Eric Reinhardt; you may also download a zipped copy of the data and documentation directly)
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: All COW interstate system members, 1827-1982 (annual data)
- Variables Included: Violence (domestic, international, and either sort), "contested institutions," major power status, regime type, regime change, and violent and nonviolent domestic strife.
Other Conflict and Cooperation Data
My International Organizations, International Law, and International Political Economy pages may also include relevant information or data.
Paul Diehl's UN Peacekeeping Data
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: all UN peacekeeping operations
- Variables Included: (list forthcoming)
Erik Voeten's UN Voting Data (the main link is to the online codebook; the actual data set is available in either tab-delimited or SPSS format.)
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: all UN votes by each member country in the first 53 UN General Assemblies, or 1946-1998 (data for assemblies 1-40 taken from ICPSR study #5512; 46-49 from Kim and Russett's 1996 IO article; all others collected by the author)
- Variables Included: country, UN session, vote number, vote content (yes, no, abstain, not present)
Erik Voeten's 'Clashes in the UN Assembly' Data (the main link is to the online codebook; the actual data set is available in either HTML tables or Excel (.xls) format.)
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: UN voting by each member country in periods between 1946-1998 (this data set is based on the author's raw UN voting data, available above)
- Variables Included: country, NOMINATE output (predicted and actual voting patterns), Polity democracy and autocracy scores, GNP per capita, geographic region, majority religion, and regional organization membership
GATT Trade Disputes, 1948-1993 (from Eric Reinhardt's dissertation, Posturing Parliaments: Ratification, Uncertainty, and International Bargaining; you may also download a zipped copy of the data and documentation directly. Additional data sets are available on Eric's public data page)
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: 1948-1993
- Variables Included: Dispute start and end years, complainant and defendant countries, dispute title, GATT involvement, bilateral trade dependence, relative size of disputants' economies, level of cooperation, defendant state's bargaining power
System Uncertainty, Risk Propensity, and International Conflict among the Great Powers (from Huth, Bennett, and Gelpi's 1992 JCR article and Huth, Gelpi, and Bennett's 1993 APSR article "The Escalation of Great Power Militarized Disputes")
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: (list forthcoming)
- Variables Included: (list forthcoming)
Hegemonic and Bipolar Perspectives in the New World Order (from Volgy and Imwalle's 1995 AJPS article; see also their codebook)
- Spatial-temporal domain: (list forthcoming)
- Variables included: Treaties, Foreign Policy Activity, UN Agreement with USA, Hegemonic Control, Bipolarity, Bipolar Conflict/Cooperation, Status Consistency
Countries Affected by Land Mines (part of the UN De-mining Database)
- Spatial-Temporal Domain: Entire world, January 1997
- Variables Included: Number of mines (estimated), Total area contaminated (not available for most cases)
http://garnet.acns.fsu.edu/~phensel/intlconf.html
Last updated: 11 October 2005
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Paul R. Hensel. All rights reserved.
